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Municipal Profile
The Municipality of Trinidad is Located in the northeastern part of Bohol Province, Trinidad has a land area of 15,263.0344 hectares that comprises twenty (20) barangays. The topography is characterized by level plains on the eastern part, which gently undulates to hills and mountains toward the western part.

HISTORY

During the pre-Spanish period, a group of migrants established a settlement in a place along the river. The place was known as CABIZON after the buri fabric, that was the prime commodity of the area. The settlement was heavily infested with mosquitoes; and nets made from the buri fabric were a necessary household fixture.

When the Spanish friars established themselves in the area, Cabizon was renamed “IPIL” in reference to the giant ipil-ipil trees abundant along the riverbanks. Ipil together with Ubay and the interior parts of Talibon, had cattle ranches. Ipil was a convenient stopover for the cattle trade and was established as a sub-commercial center.

Ipil was flourishing until the early American colonial period circa 1900, when Ipil disintegrated and was subdivided between the Municipalities of Talibon and Ubay. At that time, the town’s Chief Executive, Lucas Hinlayagan, ceded all barangays west of Ipil River to Talibon and those on the eastern part to Ubay.

The “Ipilanos” desired to regain its autonomy. Through the able guidance of Juan Gonzales, the Ipilanos’ desire was realized on AUGUST 14, 1947 when the Municipal Charter (EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 80) was signed by the late PRESIDENT MANUEL A. ROXAS, establishing the once known “Ipil” and surrounding barangays to comprise the MUNICIPALITY OF TRINIDAD. It was then on SEPTEMBER 01, 1947 that the Municipality of Trinidad was established. TRINIDAD was named on the bases of the following:

- after the name of the wife of the late President Manuel A. Roxas
- in honor of the Patron of Talibon – The Most Holy Trinity
- being located at the junction of 3 major routes to Tagbilaran, the capital city of the province – the interior, northeastern and northwestern routes 

  
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GEOGRAPHICAL DATA

Region VII
   
Province Bohol
   
Congressional District  2nd
   
Land Area in Hectares 15,263.0344 hectares
   
No. of Barangays 20
   
Population  27,580
   
No. of Households 5,517
   
Income Classification 3rd
   
Distance from
Tagbilaran City		 98 kilometers through the interior route
128 kilometers through the northern route 
138 kilometers through the eastern route
   
Travel Time from
Tagbilaran City		 1.5 hours via the interior route with a van-for hire
3.5 hours via the interior route with a public utility bus
2 hours via the northern route with a van-for hire
4 hours via the northern route with a public utility bus
2.5 hours via the eastern route with a van-for hire
5 hours via the eastern route with a public utility bus
  
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VITAL INDICATORS

  
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PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Land Area
Comprising of twenty (20) barangays, the Municipality of Trinidad has a total land area of 15,263.0344 hectares. Barangay Poblacion comprised the only urban area of the municipality covering an area of 273.68 hectares or 1.79 % of the total area. The remaining 98.2 % comprised the rural areas.

Weather/Climate
Climate in the Philippines has been described in terms of rainfall distribution received in a locality. One such climatic classification is the Modified Coronas. With the use of average monthly distribution of rainfall at different stations, four types of such rainfall distribution in the Philippines are defined.

The climate of Trinidad is classified as “Type IV.” With this type of climate, rainfall is more or less evenly distributed throughout the year. This is also intermediate between the first and second types, although it resembles the second more closely since it has a dry season.

A recent study shows that about 47% of the average annual rainfall in the country is attributed to the occurrence of tropical cyclones in its vicinity (especially from June to December). These tropical cyclones, which affect the climate of the country, generally form in the North Pacific region and generally move in west-northwest direction towards the country. The entire extreme northern portion of Luzon has the most number of cyclones affecting it in any year. In Bohol, the frequency of occurrence is one cyclone per year.

The most common air currents are the northeast monsoon (from high-pressure area of Asia); the trade winds (from the Pacific); and the southwest monsoon (from the Southern Hemisphere). The general directions of winds from these sources are from north to east (October to January); from east to southeast (February to April) and southernly (May to September).

Temperature and Humidity
The coolest month is January with an average temperature of 26.81ºC, while the hottest month is May with an average temperature of 29.31ºC. Relative humidity is lowest in May with an average of 82% and the highest is November with an average of 86%. The pattern generally follows the season with humidity being high from June to February when precipitation is high and low for the rest of the relatively drier month. Average annual humidity is 84%. 

Topography and Slope
The topography of Trinidad is characterized by level plains on the eastern portion, which gently undulates to hills, and mountains on the western part. The highest elevation is 259 meters above sea level located in the northwest part of the municipality.

The terrain of Trinidad is generally level to undulating, with slope of 0% to 8% as these areas comprises 56.51% of the total land area. These areas are predominant in the eastern portion of the municipality. Moderately sloping to hills (8% to 30% slope) comprises 21.20%; while steep hills and mountains (30-50% slope) comprises 22.09% of the total land area.

Soil
Three types of soil are found in the locality: the ubay clay loam, ubay sandy loam and hydrosol.

The Ubay series is the dominant soil type in the area, which developed from shale and sedimentary rocks. They are relatively mature soils, well drained and highly acidic. Potassium, phosphorus and organic content are relatively low.

The eastern portion of the municipality is covered with ubay sandy loam, comprising 45.25% of the total land area. Its sandy nature is not suitable to rice production nor its porous subsoil and substratum.

Ubay clay loam in the western portion covers 52.66% of the total land area. Most of the areas covered with ubay clay loam are classified as non-agricultural lands.

Crop production can only be increased when fertilizers are used and irrigation is intensified. However, these soils are highly suitable to root crops such as cassavas and camote. These areas are also ideal for tree crop farming and as pasturelands.

Hydrosol is found along the banks of Ipil and Soom Rivers and their tributaries. Fishponds are developing in these areas, although swamps and nipa still covers most of these areas.

Erosion Potential
Most areas of the municipality are classified, as having “no apparent erosion to slightly eroded” and these areas comprises 38.52% of the total land area. The remaining areas are moderately to severely eroded.

Areas comprising the eastern side down to the middle portion of Trinidad are found to have no apparent erosion to slightly eroded. These areas cover 83.21% of the total number of barangays.

Moderately eroded are found in Barangays Kauswagan and San Vicente. Areas having severe erosion can be found in the western portion of the Municipality, covering barangays San Vicente, Kauswagan, San Isidro and Sto. Tomas.

  
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INDUSTRY
Although Trinidad is said to have both metallic and non-metallic mineral deposits such as gold, copper, iron, silica, manganese and guano, there are no activities or investment towards the development of these resources. A 1,100 hectares of public lands in the northwest part of the municipality is being registered as a mining claim, but no efforts had been made to develop or extract its resources.

There are no large-scale industrial establishments in the municipality. Cottage, small to medium-scale industries, however, is proliferating. These include hat weaving, mat weaving and basket making.

Agricultural postharvest facilities, such as rice and corn mills, cold storage, etc., are the only major industrial establishments in the municipality.

Agro-industrialization proposed to have work potential for development as the municipality has enough raw materials for agri-based industries, namely: coco oil mill and Ethel alcohol processing from cassava and camote.
  
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COMMERCE
Commerce and trading in the Municipality of Trinidad is more dynamic that most of the municipalities in the province, because of the following factors:

STRATEGIC LOCATION. Trinidad is the point of convergence of three major routes: eastern, northern and interior routes (coastal and interior highways). These routes originated from the Province Capital – Tagbilaran City, which branches-out to three different routes that connects the interior and coastal municipalities in the province and converging in the Municipality of Trinidad. As a converging point, Trinidad becomes a convenient trading center for the various municipalities. Products from the coastal municipalities (specifically marine products) are bartered for crops and other agricultural products of the interior municipalities. Because of the routes, products from outside the province-specifically Cebu and Leyte, easily find its way to Trinidad to be traded.

THE IPIL RIVER. The Ipil River is a waterway vital to the commercial activity of the municipality. The many islands of the coastal municipalities in the northern part of the province are noted for its various marine products. Islands traders conveniently transport these products to Trinidad, through Ipil River, for local, provincial or regional trading.

FACILITIES. Aside from the infrastructure-transportation facilities, the municipality has cold storage, ice plant and milling facilities; vital agricultural post-production facilities.

Commercial activity is largely concentrated in Poblacion, where almost 70% of the total number of commercial establishments are located.
  
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POPULATION TREND AND GROWTH RATE
The total population of the Municipality of Trinidad per 2000 census is 26,683.
Although, population numbers were increasing, population growth rate was declining, due to out-migration and declining birth rate. Out-migration is a result of job opportunities and labor demand not only in the metropolitan areas of the country but outside of the country as well. The declining birth rate is, basically, due to the no-nonsense implementation of the Family Planning Program.
  
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SEX-AGE STRUCTURE
In terms of age structure, majority of Trinidad’s population belongs to the youth sector as the ages twenty (20) years old and below comprises 51% of the total population. The number of males outnumbered the female population, in every one hundred (100) males are 104 females. 		 
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LITERACY
The population was predominantly literate, as the literate comprises 92% of the total population. The remaining 8% of the population were considered illiterate, of which 7% were in the rural areas and only 1% in the urban area. 		 
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SPORTS AND RECREATION
The youth are the most active in sports and majority of them preferred to play basketball, which incidentally is the most popular sport in the country. Basketball courts can be found in every barangays, be it paved with gravel, packed earth or concrete. The basketball courts in the barangays are also called a multi-purpose pavement-since it is being utilized as venue of various barangay activities. 		 
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AGRICULTURE

Agriculture Land 
The Network of Protected Areas for Agriculture (NPAAD) indicated 9,839 hectares, which is the total land area set aside for agricultural purposes.

Production yields for rice ranges from 2.8 MT/has. to a high of 4.3 MT/has. Areas with low production yield are located in rainfed rice lands. Whereas, the irrigated ricelands produces 3.5 to 4.3 MT/has.

Corn Production is based on 2 cropping per year. Production yields ranges from 0.70 to 3.60 MT/has., averaging 2.15 MT/has. and that of the provincial average.

The total annual yields of rice and corn would result in 20,943.60 metric tons of cereal stuff being produced.

Livestock and Poultry
The municipality’s livestock and poultry raising industry is generally backyard in scale.

Increasing production is expected to be sustained as livestock and poultry production programs; such as the dispersal program, upgrading of breeding program, have touch-base with all the barangays.

Fishery Production
The municipality program of fishery production was concentrated in fishpond culture for bangus, prawns and also newly studied seawage culture. There are 150 fisherfolks are engaged in this kind of livelihood.

A Municipal Demonstration in grouper culture in cages and pond, crab culture in cages is one of the existing municipal projects at barangays Soom, and Ipil River. And this could be expanded for future livelihood to the inhabitants in this municipality.

There are also “Tilapia Culture” in the different SFR or water impounding in the barangays.
  
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FORESTRY
The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) in its Land Classification Map delineated 4,640.3872 hectares as classifi8ed Forestland or Timberland; comprising 30.40% of the total land area. This upland area is located in the western portion of the municipality covering areas of Barangay Kauswagan, San Vicente, Banlasan and San Isidro. Another forestland area is the 278 hectares comprising of mangroves and fishponds along the forestland areas to an aggregate total 32.22% of the total land area.

The remaining 67.77% of the total land area is classified as Alienable and Disposable (A&D) lands.
  
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INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES

Transportation
A total of 95.901 kilometers of road length services the transportation network within the municipality.

Power
The Bohol Electric Cooperative (BOHECO) provides electricity to the municipality.

Most of the households with electrical supply connections are those living in the urban areas. The upland barangays due to its poor accessibility and widely dispersed households (low density) are not served with electrical connections. Only 80% of the households were energized and the remaining 20% are without electricity. 

Water Supply
Currently, a number of households are connected to the TMDA Water System or a mere 3.5% of the total number of households. The number of households utilizing tubed piped deep well and tubed piped shallow well is 1,561 or 39.07% of the total. The remaining 57.43% derived their water supply from other sources, such as shallow well and spring.

The water sources differ not only in the way they deliver water, but more importantly in the safety of water that they disperse, piped sources tend to deliver safer water than unpiped ones, deep wells has safer water than shallow dug ones and well water most of the time is preferable to water coming from lakes and rivers. The safety of rainwater depends on the manner in which it is collected and stored. Street peddlers have proven to deliver one of the most unsafe types of drinking water.

The TMDA deliver safe drinking water. The tubed / piped deep well although it still needs upgrading can also be considered to deliver safe drinking water than the rest.
  
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COMMUNICATION

Telephone
The Globelines is now serving telephone lines within the households of the municipality aside from the presence of Globe and Smart cellular sites.

Postal Services
Postal services are being rendered by the Philippine Postal Corporation 

VHF Radio
The most commonly and widely used communication system within the municipality and in the region are VHF radios. The Local Government Unit is providing local officials and each barangays with hand-held units.
  
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Although Trinidad is a rural municipality, several factors have shown that it is headed towards industrialization and urbanization. As a trading center, it has the making of becoming a commercial growth center leading to urbanization. Its rich mineral resources and agriculture, will serve as the trigger towards industrialization. The presence of interested investors, who are already making preliminary, moves (inquiries, site visit, etc.) towards the establishment of their investments in Trinidad. 		 
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